CONSERVATION STRATEGIES AND POPULATION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR ENDANGERED ANIMAL SPECIES

The fast extinction of animal endangered species is a dangerous situation to biodiversity and the ecosystem stability worldwide, and there is need to add effective conservation programs and population management methods. This paper assesses the usefulness of combining conservation strategies through the examination of long-term genetic and population statistics of several endangered species in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. A mixed approach based on habitat treatment, species-specific treatment, threat-prevention, and community-based preservation was used. Findings of the experiment show that among 8-15 years the highest mean population growth rate was reached with the help of habitat restoration (22.3%), then captive breeding and reintroduction programs (18.5%), and genetic rescue interventions (15.1%). Anti-poaching strategies led to adult death reducing to 9 to 21 in a short period of time and this saw an increase of 12.7% in population growth. Community-based conservation programs showed a middle ground increase (10.9%) in population but highly enhanced survival rates in the long term (78%) and locally (compliance). The genetic analyses showed that the heterozygosity level increased due to genetic management, as well as the level of resilience of the population was increased (0.41-0.58). Comparison with related literature demonstrates that multi-strategy conservation paradigms that are integrated are always better than single-intervention models. On the whole, the results indicate that to maintain the endangered species of animals under growing environmental and anthropogenic stressors, adaptive, evidence-based conservation planning is required.