Frame-Rate-Independent High-Frequency 3D-DIC Vibration Measurement Enabled by Stroboscopic Equivalent-Time Sampling and Physics-Guided Spatiotemporal Filtering

High-frequency full-field vibration measurement using three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) is limited by the trade-off between camera frame rate, spatial resolution, and measurement noise. This study presents a method to overcome the frame-rate limitation of 3D-DIC vibration measurement by combining stroboscopic equivalent-time sampling with spatiotemporal noise decoupling. Short-pulse stroboscopic illumination freezes structural motion at different vibration phases, allowing a low-frame-rate stereo camera system to reconstruct high-frequency periodic responses through inter-cycle phase sampling. The measured three-dimensional displacement fields are further processed as space–time data, where target-frequency extraction and spatial-frequency filtering are combined to suppress noise and enhance small-amplitude vibration responses. The proposed method was experimentally validated using a plastic plate vibrating at 251.1 Hz. With an actual camera frame rate of approximately 8.34 fps and an equivalent temporal sampling frequency of 2511 Hz, the reconstructed mode shape achieved a Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) value of 0.9233, comparable to that obtained using a high-speed camera (0.9225), while providing higher spatial resolution and lower hardware cost. A pulse-width experiment on an aluminum plate vibrating at 7154 Hz demonstrated the influence of stroboscopic exposure duration on measurement accuracy. The proposed approach was further integrated into the EMODE-1 full-field vibration measurement system and applied to a Lenovo ThinkPad touchpad vibrating at 1051 Hz, achieving a MAC value of 0.8878 compared with continuous-scanning laser Doppler vibrometry. The results demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for high-frequency full-field vibration sensing of periodic structures using compact and cost-effective imaging systems.