Freshwater Quality Criteria for Typical Quinolone Antibiotics: Norfloxacin, Enrofloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin

As a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, quinolones are widely used in animal husbandry. When applied to animals, 60–90% of antibiotics will be excreted in the form of the original drug or metabolites by animal excretion, contaminated soil, surface water, and ground water, affecting the normal life activities of plants, animals and microorganisms, and ultimately affecting human health through the food chain. Since some quinolone antibiotics are synthetic antibacterial agents and are used in large quantities, this paper discusses the technical routes, formulation processes, and results of three typical quinolone antibiotics. According to the existing technical guidelines in China, the optimal fitting model was used to derive the short-term water-quality criteria (SWQC) of norfloxacin as 0.019 mg/L and the long-term water-quality criteria (LWQC) as 0.0008 mg/L; the SWQC of enrofloxacin as 8.685 mg/L and the LWQC as 0.0625 mg/L; and the SWQC of ciprofloxacin as 0.5 mg/L and the LWQC as 0.106 mg/L.