THE ESSENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

This lecture examines the essence of human resource management, its historical development, and its role in modern organizations. Human resource management is explained as a comprehensive management system that includes the recruitment, placement, development, motivation, performance evaluation, and retention of employees in order to achieve organizational objectives. The concepts of “personnel,” “staff,” and “human resources” are defined, and their similarities and differences are discussed. The evolution of personnel management practices, from administrative personnel management to strategic human resource management, is also analyzed. The main functions of personnel management, including workforce planning, recruitment, selection, adaptation, training and development, motivation, performance appraisal, compensation, and career management, are examined. The differences and interrelationship between personnel management and human resource management are explained. In addition, the 4C model of human resource management—competence, commitment, congruence, and cost-effectiveness—is discussed in detail. The study concludes that human resources play a crucial role in ensuring the sustainable development, competitiveness, and achievement of strategic objectives of modern organizations.