Selective Coordination‐Driven Kinetic Synchronization of Two‐Step Tin‐Lead Perovskites for High‐Performance All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

ABSTRACT All‐perovskite tandem solar cells hold great promise for high power conversion efficiencies. However, their narrow‐bandgap tin‐lead (Sn‐Pb) mixed perovskite subcells often suffer from severe crystallization imbalance under conventional one‐step solution processing, due to the intrinsically different behaviors of Sn‐ and Pb‐based precursors. Herein, we introduce a kinetic control strategy for Sn‐Pb perovskite crystallization via intermediate‐phase competition in an optimized two‐step sequential deposition process. Through systematic molecular screening, we identified 2‐amino‐2‐cyanoacetamide (ACA), a multidentate chelating molecule with distinct Lewis basic sites, as an effective intermediate‐phase regulator. ACA selectively coordinates with SnI 2 and PbI 2 via different functional groups, competing with the solvent to modulate precursor release and suppress unbalanced intermediates. This regulation in the first step forms a porous, preferentially oriented SnI 2 /PbI 2 framework and enables complete precursor conversion in the second step, yielding high‐quality Sn‐Pb perovskite films with minimal byproducts, reduced strains, and improved interfacial properties. Consequently, two‐step sequentially deposited single‐junction Sn‐Pb solar cells reach a PCE of 22.75%, while all‐perovskite tandem devices achieve 28.75%, accompanied by substantially enhanced operational stability, improved scalability, and good reproducibility. This strategy overcomes long‐standing Sn‐Pb crystallization imbalance and provides a versatile route to efficient all‐perovskite tandem photovoltaics.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Functional Materials
Published
2026-09-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.78639
Primary Topic
Perovskite Materials and Applications
Type
article
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article

Selective Coordination‐Driven Kinetic Synchronization of Two‐Step Tin‐Lead Perovskites for High‐Performance All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Zhe Kong, Guojia Fang, Wei Ai, Dexin Pu et al.
Advanced Functional Materials
Perovskite Materials and Applications
article

Selective Coordination‐Driven Kinetic Synchronization of Two‐Step Tin‐Lead Perovskites for High‐Performance All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Zhe Kong, Guojia Fang, Wei Ai, Dexin Pu, Hua‐Hua Fu, Weijun Ke, Shining Zhang, Guoyi Chen, Lishuai Huang, Chaomin Dong, Xiangfeng Yang, Xuepeng Chen, Senke Cheng, Guang Li, Jiahui Liu, Zuxiong Xu, Juntao Ma, Shun Zhou
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT All‐perovskite tandem solar cells hold great promise for high power conversion efficiencies. However, their narrow‐bandgap tin‐lead (Sn‐Pb) mixed perovskite subcells often suffer from severe crystallization imbalance under conventional one‐step solution processing, due to the intrinsically different behaviors of Sn‐ and Pb‐based precursors. Herein, we introduce a kinetic control strategy for Sn‐Pb perovskite crystallization via intermediate‐phase competition in an optimized two‐step sequential deposition process. Through systematic molecular screening, we identified 2‐amino‐2‐cyanoacetamide (ACA), a multidentate chelating molecule with distinct Lewis basic sites, as an effective intermediate‐phase regulator. ACA selectively coordinates with SnI 2 and PbI 2 via different functional groups, competing with the solvent to modulate precursor release and suppress unbalanced intermediates. This regulation in the first step forms a porous, preferentially oriented SnI 2 /PbI 2 framework and enables complete precursor conversion in the second step, yielding high‐quality Sn‐Pb perovskite films with minimal byproducts, reduced strains, and improved interfacial properties. Consequently, two‐step sequentially deposited single‐junction Sn‐Pb solar cells reach a PCE of 22.75%, while all‐perovskite tandem devices achieve 28.75%, accompanied by substantially enhanced operational stability, improved scalability, and good reproducibility. This strategy overcomes long‐standing Sn‐Pb crystallization imbalance and provides a versatile route to efficient all‐perovskite tandem photovoltaics.

Advanced Functional Materials
Wuhan University of Technology (CN), Wuhan University (CN), Wuhan Textile University (CN), Wuhan University of Science and Technology (CN), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN), Hangzhou Dianzi University (CN)
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 22%
Perovskite Materials and Applications
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