A Biomimetic Gill‐Cover and Adaptive Magnetic‐Switching Coupled Triboelectric–Electromagnetic Hybrid Generator for Self‐Powered Environmental Monitoring in Low‐Wind‐Speed Mining Areas

ABSTRACT Wind energy, as a widely available, abundant, and widely distributed renewable energy source, poses a formidable challenge in reliably capturing its low‐speed energy over extended periods. Addressing the specific demand for low startup wind speed in areas with scarce wind resources, such as mining regions, this study proposes a bionic gill‐cover and adaptive magnetic‐switching‐coupled triboelectric‐electromagnetic hybrid generator (BM‐TENG). This device utilizes a biomimetic gill structure coupled with adaptive magnetic switching to harvest broadband wind energy, thereby enhancing energy collection performance at low wind speeds. The BM‐TENG achieves low start‐up wind speeds and high rotational speeds through its biomimetic gill‐like cover and non‐contact operation mode. Compared to conventional scoops of the same size, the BM‐TENG operates at a start‐up wind speed as low as 1.5 m/s—a 28.57% reduction—while increasing rotational speed by 44.58% at 4 m/s wind speeds. Through a synergistic mechanism of magnetic force and centrifugal force, BM‐TENG operates in non‐contact mode at low wind speeds and in soft‐contact mode at high wind speeds. At 4 m/s wind speed, BM‐TENG delivers an output power of 53.4 mW. It demonstrates excellent stability, maintaining 82% output after 150 h of operation. Demonstrations confirm that BM‐TENG can reliably power downstream electrical devices.