LED Color Mixing and Temperature Compensation Method Based on Hybrid Genetic Particle Swarm Optimization (HGPSO)

Light-emitting diode (LED) sources for high-end display and professional lighting must maintain color-point accuracy and color-rendering stability over a wide correlated color temperature (CCT) range. Three-color mixing places the color point on the Planckian locus, but non-synchronous thermal drift of the channels induces CCT shift, Duv instability, and color-rendering degradation during long-term operation. This paper proposes a green–azure–warm-white (GAW) mixing and temperature-compensation method based on the hybrid genetic–particle swarm optimization (HGPSO) algorithm. For each channel, three-Gaussian chromaticity–temperature and spectral-power-distribution–temperature models are established, and the Duv tolerance is converted into per-channel duty-cycle bounds that shrink the HGPSO search space, enabling lookup-table-based real-time compensation on an embedded MCU. Within the 30–90 °C solder-pad range, compensation reduced the average CCT deviation at 65 °C and 85 °C from 115 K and 199 K to 14.3 K and 15.8 K and the average |Duv| from 0.00167 and 0.0023 to within 0.001. The average Rf deviation fell from 0.58% and 1.28% to 0.44% and 0.51% and the average Rg deviation from 1.83% and 2.69% to 0.27% and 0.32%. The luminous-efficacy deviation remains within ±5% below 4500 K (maximum −8.05% at 6500 K). Cross-vendor validation confirms the portability of the method for long-term color consistency in display and lighting systems.