Differences of Signed Representatives: Sharp Answers to Two Questions of Bernert and Arala Santos

Let A ⊂ {−n,…,n}∖{0} contain exactly one of k and −k for every 1 ≤ k ≤ n. At the 2025 Oberwolfach workshop on analytic number theory, C. Bernert and N. Arala Santos asked two questions about such sets. First, must A−A contain (1−o(1))n elements of {1,…,n}? Second, for every B ⊆ {1,…,n} with |B| ≥ εn, must the number of pairs (a,b) ∈ A² with a−b ∈ B be ≫_ε n²? We answer both questions affirmatively, with sharp bounds. At most two elements of {1,…,n} are missing from A−A. For every B ⊆ {1,…,n}, the number of pairs (a,b) ∈ A² with a−b ∈ B is at least ⌊(|B|−1)²/4⌋. Both bounds are attained by sets of the form {1,…,a} ∪ {−(a+1),…,−n}, the second for all |B| ≤ ⌊2n/3⌋+1. The proof is a short double-counting argument. This is an unrefereed note. Unrefereed preprint released for independent mathematical scrutiny. Publication on Zenodo does not constitute peer review. AI-assisted tools supported research, computation, proof development, and manuscript preparation. The author remains responsible for all claims and the final text. Corpus identifier: OWR-14299577-018. Paper page: https://eulersolve.org/papers/owr-14299577-018/

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23006720
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
preprint

Differences of Signed Representatives: Sharp Answers to Two Questions of Bernert and Arala Santos

Alper Ferudun
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

Differences of Signed Representatives: Sharp Answers to Two Questions of Bernert and Arala Santos

Alper Ferudun
preprint en

Abstract

Let A ⊂ {−n,…,n}∖{0} contain exactly one of k and −k for every 1 ≤ k ≤ n. At the 2025 Oberwolfach workshop on analytic number theory, C. Bernert and N. Arala Santos asked two questions about such sets. First, must A−A contain (1−o(1))n elements of {1,…,n}? Second, for every B ⊆ {1,…,n} with |B| ≥ εn, must the number of pairs (a,b) ∈ A² with a−b ∈ B be ≫_ε n²? We answer both questions affirmatively, with sharp bounds. At most two elements of {1,…,n} are missing from A−A. For every B ⊆ {1,…,n}, the number of pairs (a,b) ∈ A² with a−b ∈ B is at least ⌊(|B|−1)²/4⌋. Both bounds are attained by sets of the form {1,…,a} ∪ {−(a+1),…,−n}, the second for all |B| ≤ ⌊2n/3⌋+1. The proof is a short double-counting argument. This is an unrefereed note. Unrefereed preprint released for independent mathematical scrutiny. Publication on Zenodo does not constitute peer review. AI-assisted tools supported research, computation, proof development, and manuscript preparation. The author remains responsible for all claims and the final text. Corpus identifier: OWR-14299577-018. Paper page: https://eulersolve.org/papers/owr-14299577-018/

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Differences of Signed Representatives: Sharp Answers to Two Questions of Bernert and Arala Santos — Alper Ferudun · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS