Investigation of The Use of Biomass in Fossil Fuel Boilers

Aim of study: The objective of this study is to evaluate the usability of biomass-coal fuel blends in cogeneration systems. This will be achieved by analysing their calorific value and ash content. Coal from Şırnak was used as the fossil fuel, and four types of lignocellulosic biomass—red pine sawdust, oak sawdust, wheat straw, and hazelnut shell—were blended in different ratios. Material and method: All biomass samples were subjected to a grinding process, with the objective of passing them through a 200-micron sieve. Thereafter, the samples were dried in accordance with the procedures stipulated in ASTM D 7582. The composite samples were prepared by combining coal and biomass in various proportions, with the proviso that the coal content should not fall below 40%, a requirement dictated by technical constraints. The ash content was determined in accordance with the provisions of ASTM E 1755. Main results: The highest calorific value (4464 kcal/kg) was obtained in the blend with 60% red pine sawdust and 40% coal. The blend containing 60% hazelnut shell and 40% coal was found to have the lowest ash content (21.51%). The addition of biomass resulted in a substantial enhancement in calorific performance and a concomitant reduction in ash content when compared with coal as a sole fuel source. The following essay will provide a comprehensive overview of the relevant literature on the subject. Research highlights: The utilisation of biomass-coal blends has been demonstrated to enhance combustion efficiency while concomitantly reducing ash formation. These blends offer a more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient alternative for cogeneration systems, contributing to reduced dependence on fossil fuels.