Sub-scale model design of wind turbine blade based on stiffness similarity

The growth of the wind energy industry has led to the production of increasingly larger wind turbine blades, some extending beyond one hundred meters. However, the substantial dimensions of these blades have significantly inflated the expenses associated with ground tests. This study introduces a novel approach based on stiffness similarity theory. We first derive scaling-similarity equations to deepen understanding the relationship between scaled blades and their full-scale counterparts. Subsequently, a scaled model is constructed based on these equations. Through the application of multi-objective optimization, the model’s accuracy is enhanced. The study’s findings demonstrate the practicality of the sub-scale method, ensuring deformation precision. This methodology presents a viable solution for conducting ground tests during the initial phases of wind turbine blade development, offering a promising alternative for the industry.