Anisotropic Quantum Hall Transport in a Black Phosphorus Two-Dimensional Hole Gas

Abstract Intriguing many-body ground states often emerge from quantum Hall systems, driven by electron–electron interactions. Among them, states breaking translational and rotational symmetries─manifested by anisotropic magnetotransport─can be stabilized by intrinsic band anisotropy. Here, we fabricate few-layer black phosphorus devices hosting a high-mobility two-dimensional hole gas with large effective-mass anisotropy. These exceptional properties enable us to observe pronounced anisotropic transport in the quantum Hall regime. Unlike conventional anisotropic stripe states, these emergent states remain robust up to T ≈ 4 K, and their corresponding partial filling factors (ṽ) deviate from the conventional value of 1/2: ṽ approaches 1/4 in the N = 2 Landau level and increases to approximately 0.4 with increasing Landau-level index. Supported by theoretical calculations, our results point to the emergence of anisotropic quantum Hall states consistent with stripe-like order. Our work establishes few-layer black phosphorus as a unique platform for exploring emergent quantum phenomena arising from anisotropic correlated electronic states.

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Publication Details

Journal
Nano Letters
Published
2026-09-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6c01845
Primary Topic
2D Materials and Applications
Type
article
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article

Anisotropic Quantum Hall Transport in a Black Phosphorus Two-Dimensional Hole Gas

Ke Yang, Shuaifei Guo, Takashi Taniguchi, Fangyuan Yang et al.
Nano Letters
2D Materials and Applications
article

Anisotropic Quantum Hall Transport in a Black Phosphorus Two-Dimensional Hole Gas

Ke Yang, Shuaifei Guo, Takashi Taniguchi, Fangyuan Yang, Kenji Watanabe, Hua Wu, Mingyan Luo, Wei Ruan, Yuanbo Zhang, Zuocheng Zhang, Xian Hui Chen, Naizhou Wang, Hao Wang, Xin Wan
article en

Abstract

Abstract Intriguing many-body ground states often emerge from quantum Hall systems, driven by electron–electron interactions. Among them, states breaking translational and rotational symmetries─manifested by anisotropic magnetotransport─can be stabilized by intrinsic band anisotropy. Here, we fabricate few-layer black phosphorus devices hosting a high-mobility two-dimensional hole gas with large effective-mass anisotropy. These exceptional properties enable us to observe pronounced anisotropic transport in the quantum Hall regime. Unlike conventional anisotropic stripe states, these emergent states remain robust up to T ≈ 4 K, and their corresponding partial filling factors (ṽ) deviate from the conventional value of 1/2: ṽ approaches 1/4 in the N = 2 Landau level and increases to approximately 0.4 with increasing Landau-level index. Supported by theoretical calculations, our results point to the emergence of anisotropic quantum Hall states consistent with stripe-like order. Our work establishes few-layer black phosphorus as a unique platform for exploring emergent quantum phenomena arising from anisotropic correlated electronic states.

Nano Letters
University of Science and Technology of China (CN), National Institute for Materials Science (JP), Fudan University (CN), Southern University of Science and Technology (CN), Hefei University (CN), Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale (CN), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CN), Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hospital (CN), Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences (CN), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN), Zhejiang University (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 25%
2D Materials and Applications
DOISourceOpenAlex
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