Animal Repellent Using AVR Microcontroller Atmega328 Design and Development of a Microcontroller-Based Sound Repellent System

Abstract The present work presents the design and development of an animal repellent system using the ATmega328 AVR microcontroller. The system is intended to reduce animal intrusion in agricultural fields and other protected areas by generating sound through a speaker. The major components include an ATmega328 microcontroller, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, reset circuit, battery-voltage monitoring circuit, 16×2 LCD, MOSFET driver circuit, sound amplifier, speaker, and 12 V battery. The microcontroller acts as the main control unit and controls the sound-generation circuit. Battery voltage is monitored through a voltage-divider circuit and the system status is displayed on the LCD. The MOSFET driver controls the sound amplifier, which drives the speaker. The present system provides a simple, low-cost, portable, and energy-efficient approach for reducing animal intrusion. The prototype can be further improved by adding motion sensors, automatic activation, wireless monitoring, solar charging, and data logging.