First Isolation and Genome Characterization of Bocaparvovirus carnivoran 1 (CBoV-1) from a Dog with Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea in Mexico

The occurrence of acute hemorrhagic diarrhea in dogs has prompted investigation of emerging enteric viruses, including Bocaparvovirus carnivoran 1 (CBoV-1), which has been associated with respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive disorders in dogs. In this study, CBoV-1 was successfully isolated in MDCK cells from a clinical sample obtained from a dog with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea. A CBoV-1 genome sequence (4973 bp) was obtained from isolate MX-ABM30 and deposited in GenBank under accession number PQ683622. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between MX-ABM30 and CBoV-1 sequences from the United States, with 98% nucleotide identity. A comparative analysis identified six missense mutations across the genome, resulting in four amino acid substitutions in NS1 (K176R, K182N, P669S, and I680L) and two in VP2 (S200G, S536A). This study represents the first report of isolation and characterization of CBoV-1 in Mexico, providing preliminary data on the genetic diversity of this virus in the region. These findings highlight the need for continued surveillance of CBoV-1 and other emerging enteric viruses in canine populations.