Conflict or uncertainty? Reading the partial paraconsistency hierarchy of interval (T, I, N, U₁, …, Uₙ, F) tuples from language-model outputs
Genuine conflict (truth and falsity both strongly supported) and plain uncertainty (weak support either way) are different epistemic situations, yet a single probability of truth reports both as the same kind of number. This feasibility study populates the partial paraconsistency hierarchy of interval (T, I, N, U₁, …, Uₙ, F) tuples from repeated outputs of gpt-4o-mini, deepseek-chat and the typed evaluation model Jev. All three systems declared the liar paradox Order-0, while intermediate orders were not read reliably. The study reports the elicitation protocol, a corrected scoring error, cross-model stability, limitations and requirements for a larger pre-registered study.
Authors
- Florentín Smarandache (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5560-5926)
- Maikel Leyva Vázquez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7911-5879)
Institutions
- Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins (CL)
- Gallup Indian Medical Center (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-09-25
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22954807
- Primary Topic
- Natural Language Processing Techniques
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00