Understanding UPI Payment Adoption Among Rural Women: Insights from the Technology Acceptance Model

The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) launched the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) system in 2016. It is a government-owned enterprise that manages the retail payment system in the country and is revolutionising digital financial transactions by making them easier. Even though the use of UPI has been greater in urban centres, rural women have been underrepresented. The case in this article is rural women willing to utilise UPI platforms and what factors influence their utilisation. The study used the Technology Acceptance Model and Structural Equation Modelling to give valuable findings. Most rural women know the benefits of UPI; nevertheless, there are several challenges, such as technological barriers and low financial literacy, that do not allow it to be used extensively. The findings can be learned by policymakers, stakeholders, the fintech community and social groups that strive to encourage financial inclusion. By establishing the determinants of UPI adoption, the article can assist in the design of effective interventions capable of empowering rural women, making them to contribute more to the digital economy and growing inclusive.

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Publication Details

Journal
International Journal of Rural Management
Published
2026-09-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052261484684
Primary Topic
Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Type
article
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article

Understanding UPI Payment Adoption Among Rural Women: Insights from the Technology Acceptance Model

Swapna N.S., Kanthimathinathan S
International Journal of Rural Management
Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
article

Understanding UPI Payment Adoption Among Rural Women: Insights from the Technology Acceptance Model

Swapna N.S., Kanthimathinathan S
article en

Abstract

The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) launched the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) system in 2016. It is a government-owned enterprise that manages the retail payment system in the country and is revolutionising digital financial transactions by making them easier. Even though the use of UPI has been greater in urban centres, rural women have been underrepresented. The case in this article is rural women willing to utilise UPI platforms and what factors influence their utilisation. The study used the Technology Acceptance Model and Structural Equation Modelling to give valuable findings. Most rural women know the benefits of UPI; nevertheless, there are several challenges, such as technological barriers and low financial literacy, that do not allow it to be used extensively. The findings can be learned by policymakers, stakeholders, the fintech community and social groups that strive to encourage financial inclusion. By establishing the determinants of UPI adoption, the article can assist in the design of effective interventions capable of empowering rural women, making them to contribute more to the digital economy and growing inclusive.

International Journal of Rural Management
CMR University (IN)
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 4%
Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
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Understanding UPI Payment Adoption Among Rural Women: Insights from the Technology Acceptance Model — Swapna N.S., Kanthimathinathan S · International Journal of Rural Management (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS