Assessment of the influence of simulated low-vision conditions on colour discrimination performance under monochromatic LEDs

Although lighting optimization has been widely explored in various contexts, its specific application to low-vision populations remains largely unexplored. This study represents a first step towards an effort in tailoring lighting conditions to improve colour discrimination, specifically for visually impaired people. A psychophysical experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of different LED light wavelengths on colour discrimination in simulated low-vision conditions. Participants wore goggles simulating central scotoma, blurry vision and tunnel vision. They were asked to sort colour caps of a modified version of the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Test. An automatic scoring method using a single picture of the arranged caps was implemented to speed up the experimental sessions. Results highlight clear evidence of significant differences across the groups of observers, with the use of goggles simulating central scotoma showing the greatest difficulties in colour discrimination. These results provide a foundation for future research involving individuals suffering from low vision and support the development of new white light solutions tailored to the visual needs of the visually impaired.