PISA Performance, National IQ Estimates, and Migration: A Multi-Level Empirical Rebuttal

Multi-level empirical study examining the relationships between PISA scores (2012–2022), national IQ estimates, and international migration across up to 80 economies. Using OECD PISA microdata (1.75 million students), UN DESA bilateral migration stocks, OECD DIOC education-level corridors (5,045 pairs), and World Bank development indicators, the study tests whether immigration predicts educational performance at macro, bilateral, individual, and longitudinal levels. Results show that socioeconomic status dominates individual achievement, that migration selectivity — not origin — shapes immigrant performance, and that changes in migrant stock have no detectable effect on national PISA trajectories. All data are public; all analyses are reproducible.