A review on supercritical carbon dioxide-assisted processing of flexible and stretchable electronic materials

Stretchable and flexible electronics enable wearable, biomedical, and soft robotic devices, but are constrained by convectional solvent-based fabrication. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) provides a sustainable processing medium with adjustable properties like high diffusivity and residue-free nature. This review outlines recent advancements in scCO 2 -assisted impregnation, deposition, foaming, and patterning strategies, their impact on material and device performance, current challenges, and future opportunities for scalable, environmentally sustainable manufacturing of next-generation stretchable electronics.