Bioengineering Method and Hydro-pedological Technique to Control Shallow Water Table Level in Urbanized Areas

This study employs calibrated MODFLOW and HYDRUS-2D models to assess the effects of various parameters on shallow water table (SWT) dynamics under two distinct methods aimed at lowering water levels: the bioengineering method (utilizing Reeds) and the hydropedological method (soil siphoning). Numerical modelling revealed that heterogeneous aquifer conditions led to a reduction in evapotranspiration (ET) rates. This reduction moderated SWT levels through ET, as high-conductivity areas enhanced evaporation while low-conductivity zones impeded upward water flow, causing SWT levels to increase. Groundwater salinity further limited ET efficiency, while impermeable layers reduced siphon effectiveness. The thickness of siphon materials also influenced SWT management, with medium layers performing best. These results highlight the importance of aquifer heterogeneity, ET dynamics, groundwater salinity, and siphon design in effective SWT management, offering practical insights for sustainable water management in arid urban environments.