Knowledge and Practice of Anemia Prevention Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Yola, Nigeria: A Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study

Background: Pregnancy-associated anemia is a major global public health concern, particularly in low-resource settings. This study assessed the influence of demographic characteristics on knowledge and practice of anemia prevention among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Yola, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design and consecutive sampling were employed, with data collected using a self-developed questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test to evaluate associations between categorical variables and test the study hypotheses. Results: The results showed that participants had a considerable understanding of pregnancy-related anemia and the application of anemia prevention strategies. The level of education was notably associated with both awareness of and actions to prevent anemia, with better-educated women showing greater knowledge and more effective preventive measures. Age, however, did not show a significant impact on knowledge or practice of anemia prevention. Conclusion: The study suggests that anemia prevention education programs should be based on educational levels rather than age distinctions. To enhance the knowledge and practices of anemia prevention, the study recommends strengthening health education, community engagement, and antenatal care programs.