Immunomodulatory Effects of Cistanche deserticola Polysaccharides on LPS-Induced Immune Damage in RAW264.7 Macrophages with Transcriptome Analysis

Polysaccharides (CDP-D2-N1) were extracted from Cistanche deserticola and used as an immunomodulatory substance to control inflammation and cytokines. This article chose LPS-induced inflammation model in RAW264.7 as the study subject and discloses the immune-inflammatory responses of CDP-D2-N1for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. We investigated the screening of immunomodulatory activity of CDP-D2-N1 on LPS-induced RAW264.7 and the study of its pathway of action. CCK-8, qPCR and other tests were used to screen the CDP-D2-N1 with repairing effects on RAW264.7. The results show that CDP-D2-N1 pretreatment for 12 h at a concentration of 62.5–250 μg/mL improved the phagocytosis of RAW264.7, activated the expression of the TLR4 receptor, inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6) and the creation of iNOS, and modulated the NO of cell signaling molecules in RAW264.7 cells, thus improving the immunity of RAW264.7 cells and the activity of immune injury RAW264.7 cells. The combination of transcriptomics and p38 inhibitor analysis showed that CDP-D2-N1 could attenuate LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells’ immune injury by affecting the regulation of MAP3/6 expression in the TNF signaling pathway.