Potential Adverse Effects of Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations on Renal Function, Gestation, and Newborn Characteristics in Healthy Pregnant Women

The impact of bisphenols on the metabolism and kidney function of pregnant women, and consequently on the health of the child, is not yet well known. This study investigated urinary concentrations of bisphenols (BPA, BPF, and BPS) and their associations with biochemical parameters for kidney and liver function, serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), vitamin D3, and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. Fasting morning urine and blood samples were collected from 80 healthy women with singleton, third-trimester pregnancy to quantify urinary BPA, BPF, and BPS concentrations and analyze routine biochemical parameters for kidney and liver function. BPA was detected in 78% of urine samples, compared with 10% for BPF and 5% for BPS, making it the predominant bisphenol. BPA concentrations positively correlated with serum creatinine, and this relationship remained significant after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index, gestational age, and urine specific gravity in multivariable linear regression analysis. Its concentrations were also positively correlated with AMH and negatively with gestational duration and newborn weight and head circumference, although these associations were not confirmed by linear regression analyses. These findings suggest that BPA exposure during late pregnancy may influence maternal kidney function and potentially ovarian reserve, as well as neonatal outcomes, warranting further investigation.