Graphitic Nitrogen‐Regulated Direct I 2 /I − Conversion to Achieve Fast Kinetics and Stability for Zn–I 2 Batteries

Iodine (I 2 ) cathodes for aqueous Zn–I 2 batteries suffer from sluggish redox kinetics and severe polyiodide shuttling, resulting in poor utilization and cycling stability. Herein, graphitic nitrogen‐enriched carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with a core–shell structure are integrated with a self‐supporting porous carbon framework to construct a graphitic nitrogen‐regulated porous carbon host. The porous framework provides abundant space for iodine accommodation and accessible pathways for mass transport, while CPDs introduce graphitic‐N sites that strengthen iodine–host interactions and facilitate interfacial electron transfer. Their cooperative action favors a dominant direct I 2 /I − conversion pathway with substantially suppressed accumulation of soluble polyiodide species, thereby enabling fast iodine redox kinetics and excellent cycling stability. Benefiting from these synergistic effects, the optimized PCF‐CPDs/I 2 ‐0.2 cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 146.1 mAh g −1 at 0.3 A g −1 with 99.6% capacity retention over 500 cycles. At 1 A g −1 , it maintains 117.5 mAh g −1 with 87.1% retention after 4000 cycles. This work demonstrates that coupling porous confinement with CPDs‐mediated interfacial regulation provides an effective strategy for developing high‐performance Zn–I 2 batteries.

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Journal
ChemSusChem
Published
2026-09-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.71090
Primary Topic
Advanced battery technologies research
Type
article
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article

Graphitic Nitrogen‐Regulated Direct I 2 /I − Conversion to Achieve Fast Kinetics and Stability for Zn–I 2 Batteries

Yaqi Wang, Bao-Hong Xu, Haizhu Sun, Yang-Yu Sun et al.
ChemSusChem
Advanced battery technologies research
article

Graphitic Nitrogen‐Regulated Direct I 2 /I − Conversion to Achieve Fast Kinetics and Stability for Zn–I 2 Batteries

Yaqi Wang, Bao-Hong Xu, Haizhu Sun, Yang-Yu Sun, Ming-Xiao Deng, Yan‐Xi Chen, Jun‐Jun Liu
article en

Abstract

Iodine (I 2 ) cathodes for aqueous Zn–I 2 batteries suffer from sluggish redox kinetics and severe polyiodide shuttling, resulting in poor utilization and cycling stability. Herein, graphitic nitrogen‐enriched carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with a core–shell structure are integrated with a self‐supporting porous carbon framework to construct a graphitic nitrogen‐regulated porous carbon host. The porous framework provides abundant space for iodine accommodation and accessible pathways for mass transport, while CPDs introduce graphitic‐N sites that strengthen iodine–host interactions and facilitate interfacial electron transfer. Their cooperative action favors a dominant direct I 2 /I − conversion pathway with substantially suppressed accumulation of soluble polyiodide species, thereby enabling fast iodine redox kinetics and excellent cycling stability. Benefiting from these synergistic effects, the optimized PCF‐CPDs/I 2 ‐0.2 cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 146.1 mAh g −1 at 0.3 A g −1 with 99.6% capacity retention over 500 cycles. At 1 A g −1 , it maintains 117.5 mAh g −1 with 87.1% retention after 4000 cycles. This work demonstrates that coupling porous confinement with CPDs‐mediated interfacial regulation provides an effective strategy for developing high‐performance Zn–I 2 batteries.

ChemSusChemVol. 19(18)
Northeast Normal University (CN)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Openalex Percentile: Top 21%
Advanced battery technologies research
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Graphitic Nitrogen‐Regulated Direct I 2 /I − Conversion to Achieve Fast Kinetics and Stability for Zn–I 2 Batteries — Yaqi Wang, Bao-Hong Xu, et al. · ChemSusChem (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS