An Energy Efficient Multi-Objective Hybrid Chimp and Naked Mole Rat Optimization Algorithm-Based Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Extending Network Lifetime in WSNs

Energy efficiency that potentially handles the techniques of routing and clustering is considered as the most significant design concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This energy efficiency in WSNs is required for attaining stable routing process and extending network lifetime. In this paper, Multi-Objective Hybrid Chimp and Naked Mole Rat Optimization Algorithm (MHCNMROA)-based cluster routing protocol is propounded for concentrating on process of facilitating energy efficient cluster routing that selects optimal Cluster Head (CH) selection for prolonging network lifespan. This energy efficient protocol initially used Chimp Optimization Algorithm (COA) for ideal CH selection by considering factors like node centrality, distance to neighbours, Residual Energy (RE), distance to Base Station (BS) and node degree during fitness evaluation of sensor nodes. It further used fuzzy NMROA for achieving routing between BS and chosen CHs in the network. This utilization of fuzzy decision module helps in dynamic adjustment in the searching behaviour of NMROA. It adopted fuzzy rules that are related to the parameters associated with distance to BS, RE and node degree for handling constraints of NMROA during routing. It finally attained cluster maintenance for preventing the failure of nodes such that network lifetime is improved during data transmission by establishing best path between source and BS. The experimental results of MHCNMROA confirm its efficacy in maximizing Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and throughput with reduced energy consumption and packet drop on par with the competitive protocols.