Stretchable Multifunctional TPU/Field's Metal Films with Integrated Electromagnetic Shielding, Joule Heating, and Shape Memory

Abstract Flexible conductive materials with multifunctional integration have been widely explored in emerging fields such as soft electronics and intelligent systems. In particular, conductive films endowed with shape memory functionality offer unique advantages in adapting to practical devices and enabling variable shape processability. In this work, a multifunctional conductive film with shape memory capability was fabricated by combining thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and Field's metal (FM) via a simple mechanical sintering strategy. Benefiting from a dynamically reconfigurable conductive network, the TPUFM film exhibits outstanding multifunctional performance, including temperature sensing with 30−86 °C, rapid-response and tunable Joule heating, as well as high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of up to ∼66 dB. Owing to the low melting point of the alloy, the TPUFM film also demonstrates excellent thermally induced shape memory behavior, enabling programmable deformation and almost complete shape fixation as well as good shape recovery. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for constructing polymer composites that integrate flexibility, electrical conductivity, and multifunctionality, offering broad application prospects in wearable electronics, soft robotics, and adaptive EMI shielding materials.