Sandwich‐Like Supramolecular Clamp Regulated Copper(I) Iodide Cluster Scintillators for Dynamic X‐ray Imaging and Multimodal Visualization

ABSTRACT Achieving the simultaneous integration of high X‐ray attenuation, emissive stability, and structural uniformity in metal‐halide scintillators remains a fundamental challenge. Herein, we present a sandwich‐like supramolecular clamp that combines rigid benzo‐15‐crown‐5 (B15C5) frameworks with alkali‐metal centers (Li, Na, Cs) to construct a family of zero‐dimensional copper(I) iodide scintillators (B15C5 2 @LiH 2 O) 2 Cu 4 I 6 (B15CLCI), (B15C5 2 @NaH 2 O) 2 Cu 4 I 6 (B15CNCI), and (B15C5 2 @Cs) 2 Cu 4 I 6 (B15CCCI). They can be scalably synthesized via mechanochemical synthesis, while B15CCCI further affords inch‐scale single crystals through solution evaporation, ensuring structural integrity and practical applicability. Besides, the B15C5 benzo‐crown ether and Cs + ion together form a sandwich‐like supramolecular clamp, where crown‐metal coordination defines the primary structural framework, a dense C─H···I hydrogen‐bonding network further rigidifies the lattice and suppresses nonradiative decay, and the heavy Cs + center enhances X‐ray attenuation. This cooperative effect minimizes structural distortion of the [Cu 4 I 6 ] 2− emissive clusters in B15CCCI, leading to a near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield (95.6%), an ultrahigh relative light yield of 98 600 photons MeV −1, and a high spatial resolution of 31.3 lp mm −1 . Moreover, the system enables dynamic X‐ray imaging and multimodal visualization via WLED‐scintillation image fusion. This work establishes a sandwich‐like supramolecular clamp paradigm that offers a scalable and rational design strategy for high‐performance copper(I) halide scintillators.

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Publication Details

Journal
Laser & Photonics Review
Published
2026-09-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.71939
Primary Topic
Boron Compounds in Chemistry
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article
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article

Sandwich‐Like Supramolecular Clamp Regulated Copper(I) Iodide Cluster Scintillators for Dynamic X‐ray Imaging and Multimodal Visualization

Mei‐Jin Lin, Zailai Xie, Yuanji Ye, Si-Ying ZHANG et al.
Laser & Photonics Review
Boron Compounds in Chemistry
article

Sandwich‐Like Supramolecular Clamp Regulated Copper(I) Iodide Cluster Scintillators for Dynamic X‐ray Imaging and Multimodal Visualization

Mei‐Jin Lin, Zailai Xie, Yuanji Ye, Si-Ying ZHANG, Hongming Chen, Jia‐Hao Zhou, Yue-Chen Chen, Jia-Qi Chen
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Achieving the simultaneous integration of high X‐ray attenuation, emissive stability, and structural uniformity in metal‐halide scintillators remains a fundamental challenge. Herein, we present a sandwich‐like supramolecular clamp that combines rigid benzo‐15‐crown‐5 (B15C5) frameworks with alkali‐metal centers (Li, Na, Cs) to construct a family of zero‐dimensional copper(I) iodide scintillators (B15C5 2 @LiH 2 O) 2 Cu 4 I 6 (B15CLCI), (B15C5 2 @NaH 2 O) 2 Cu 4 I 6 (B15CNCI), and (B15C5 2 @Cs) 2 Cu 4 I 6 (B15CCCI). They can be scalably synthesized via mechanochemical synthesis, while B15CCCI further affords inch‐scale single crystals through solution evaporation, ensuring structural integrity and practical applicability. Besides, the B15C5 benzo‐crown ether and Cs + ion together form a sandwich‐like supramolecular clamp, where crown‐metal coordination defines the primary structural framework, a dense C─H···I hydrogen‐bonding network further rigidifies the lattice and suppresses nonradiative decay, and the heavy Cs + center enhances X‐ray attenuation. This cooperative effect minimizes structural distortion of the [Cu 4 I 6 ] 2− emissive clusters in B15CCCI, leading to a near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield (95.6%), an ultrahigh relative light yield of 98 600 photons MeV −1, and a high spatial resolution of 31.3 lp mm −1 . Moreover, the system enables dynamic X‐ray imaging and multimodal visualization via WLED‐scintillation image fusion. This work establishes a sandwich‐like supramolecular clamp paradigm that offers a scalable and rational design strategy for high‐performance copper(I) halide scintillators.

Laser & Photonics Review
Fuzhou University (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 11%
Boron Compounds in Chemistry
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