Population-Level Associations of Diabetes Prevalence and Childhood Overweight with Kidney Cancer Mortality in Türkiye

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to conduct a population-level multivariate analysis of the associations of childhood overweight with kidney cancer mortality and diabetes. Methods: The study used data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank for Türkiye between 2000 and 2023. Kidney cancer mortality and diabetes prevalence data were used from the WHO database. Health expenditure, life expectancy, mortality, and childhood mortality data were used from the World Bank database. Results: Spearman’s rho correlation analysis results showed that kidney cancer mortality was significantly correlated with health expenditure (r = −0.614; p < 0.05) and life expectancy (r = 0.596; p < 0.05). Generalized linear model results showed that associations of diabetes prevalence (B = 0.039; p < 0.01), health expenditure (B = −0.154; p < 0.01) and life expectancy (B = 0.061; p < 0.01) with kidney cancer mortality were statistically significant at the univariate level. However, associations of diabetes prevalence, childhood overweight and health expenditure with kidney cancer mortality at the multivariate level were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Although the prevalence of childhood overweight and diabetes was significant in univariate analysis, these associations were not significant in multivariate analysis. Therefore, we believe that the association of childhood overweight and diabetes with kidney cancer-related deaths must be further studied with confounders.