Protective Effects of Kaempferol on Ovarian Torsion/Detorsion-induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Adult Female Rats

Background Ovarian torsion, a significant gynecological condition, encompasses the entire or partial twisting of the ovary around its suspensory ligaments, consequently impairing its blood supply and causing ischemic injury to the ovary. This ischemic episode can result in significant morbidity if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Purpose This work evaluated the protective activities of kaempferol against torsion/detorsion-induced ovarian damage in rats. Materials and Methods The female experimental rats were induced with ovarian torsion/detorsion injury, and 30 min before detorsion, rats were administered with 25 and 50 mg/kg of kaempferol by intraperitoneal administration. The levels of testosterone, estrogen, and oxidative stress markers in the serum of rats were evaluated using kits. The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, tissue fibrosis markers, and apoptotic proteins in the ovarian tissues of rats were analyzed using kits. Results The present findings demonstrated that kaempferol treatment decreased testosterone levels, increased estrogen levels, and mitigated oxidative stress responses in the rats with ovarian torsion/detorsion injury. In addition, the kaempferol treatment significantly decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines and tissue fibrosis markers in the ovarian tissues of torsion/detorsion-induced rats. Moreover, it decreased the pro-apoptotic proteins and increased the anti-apoptotic proteins in the ovarian tissues of the rats. Conclusion The current findings suggest that kaempferol has promise in protecting against ovarian torsion/detorsion-induced damage in rats, which may be due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities. Therefore, it may serve as a viable therapeutic option for the prevention of ovarian torsion/detorsion injury.