Bathing in wine and olive oil: Late Roman agricultural production in the Small Bath at Antiochia ad Cragum, Rough Cilicia

Abstract This article presents a recently discovered multipurpose agricultural processing facility constructed within the Small Bath at Antiochia ad Cragum in Türkiye. We argue that the Bath was transformed for the production of wine and olive oil in Late Antiquity, representing the best-preserved and largest-capacity agricultural facility recorded at this urban site. The remarkable discovery of in situ processing equipment continues to develop our understanding of the extensive repurposing of monumental public architecture for agricultural and artisanal production at Antiochia. Discussion in this article sets the excavated complex within a broader context of local viniculture, oleiculture, ceramic production and export, showing how these networks of activity operated together, and underscores investment priorities between the 4th and 6th c. CE. This story of adaptation, resilience, and repurposing ultimately also provides potential insight into the owners and operators of this space.