Performance enhancement of optical communication systems through polarization division multiplexing with FBG dispersion compensation

Abstract The continuous growth in the demand for high-capacity optical networks has intensified the need for techniques that increase the spectral efficiency of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems while limiting the impact of transmission impairments such as chromatic dispersion and fiber attenuation. This paper presents the design and performance evaluation of a hybrid DWDM optical communication system that integrates polarization division multiplexing (PDM) with fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based dispersion compensation and erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)-based optical power restoration. Thirty-two DWDM channels, each carrying two orthogonally polarized 25 Gb/s tributaries with 100 GHz channel spacing, are transmitted over a 50 km single-mode fiber (SMF) link, giving the link an aggregate capacity of 1.6 Tb/s. The proposed system is implemented and analyzed in OptiSystem v23. An DWDM multiplexer/demultiplexer enables wavelength separation, a PDM encoder/decoder pair enables polarization multiplexing on each channel, and optical spectrum analyzers, BER analyzers, and eye diagram analyzers are employed to evaluate system performance.