Expansion of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 Genetic Diversity and Changing Serotype Composition in Brazil

Brazil is the most hyperendemic country for dengue, with historically dominant circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2. Bayesian phylodynamic analyses of 489 Brazilian DENV-3 genomes, including 84 newly generated sequences, reveal a recent and sustained increase in the effective population size of DENV-3 associated with the recent introduction and expansion of the 3III_B.3.2 lineage. This increase coincides with a sharp rise in the proportion of laboratory-confirmed dengue cases attributed to DENV-3 among records with available serotype information from 2024 onwards and a shift in serotype dynamics in 2025, suggesting a change in serotype distribution and a potential risk of renewed DENV-3 outbreaks, particularly in populations with limited prior exposure to this serotype.

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Publication Details

Journal
Pathogens
Published
2026-09-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15091001
Primary Topic
Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Expansion of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 Genetic Diversity and Changing Serotype Composition in Brazil

James Siqueira Pereira, Maria Carolina Elias, Mariana Matos Roll, Gleissy Adriane Lima Borges et al.
Pathogens
Mosquito-borne diseases and control
article

Expansion of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 Genetic Diversity and Changing Serotype Composition in Brazil

James Siqueira Pereira, Maria Carolina Elias, Mariana Matos Roll, Gleissy Adriane Lima Borges, Gabriel Montenegro de Campos, Tiago Souza Salles, Igor Santana Ribeiro, Cicileia Correia da Silva, Cláudia Renata dos Santos Barros, Glaucilene da Silva Costa, Svetoslav Nanev Slavov, Felicidade Mota Pereira, Isabela Carvalho Brcko, Talita Adelino, Marta Lamounier Moura Vargas Corgozinho, Luíz Carlos Júnior Alcântara, Marta Giovanetti, Mariana de Souza Araújo, Valnete das Graças Dantas Andrade, Elaine Cristina de Oliveira, Alex Ranieri Jerônimo Lima, Stephanni Figueiredo da Silva, Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio, Brenno Vinicius Martins Henrique, Vinícius Carius de Souza, Arabela Leal E Silva de Mello, Melissa Palmieri, Aline de Andrade Freund, Juan Gabriel Carvalho de Araújo
article en

Abstract

Brazil is the most hyperendemic country for dengue, with historically dominant circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2. Bayesian phylodynamic analyses of 489 Brazilian DENV-3 genomes, including 84 newly generated sequences, reveal a recent and sustained increase in the effective population size of DENV-3 associated with the recent introduction and expansion of the 3III_B.3.2 lineage. This increase coincides with a sharp rise in the proportion of laboratory-confirmed dengue cases attributed to DENV-3 among records with available serotype information from 2024 onwards and a shift in serotype dynamics in 2025, suggesting a change in serotype distribution and a potential risk of renewed DENV-3 outbreaks, particularly in populations with limited prior exposure to this serotype.

PathogensVol. 15(9)
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (BR), Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (BR), Università Campus Bio-Medico (IT), Universidade de São Paulo (BR), Universidade do Estado do Pará (BR), Instituto Butantan (BR), Universidade Brasil (BR), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (BR), Ezequiel Dias Foundation (BR), Governo do Distrito Federal (BR), Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal (BR), Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (BR), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (BR)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Mosquito-borne diseases and control
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