Integrated governance intelligence for higher education in resource-constrained contexts: A design science study of BI-SI integration and decision support

Higher education institutions increasingly depend on digital systems that generate data on enrolment, finance and academic processes. In resource-constrained settings, however, internal records are often fragmented while external signals—such as policy reforms, funding calls and scholarship opportunities—are monitored informally. This study examines Business Intelligence–Strategic Intelligence (BI–SI) integration as a socio-technical governance and decision-support problem. Using Design Science Research (DSR), it develops the Integrated Business Intelligence and Strategic Intelligence Framework (IBISIF), a single-site prototype combining context-aware Extract, Transform and Load (ETL) procedures, a dimensional data warehouse, a strategic-intelligence feed and governance dashboards. Four coordinated evaluation components were used: a rule-conformance data-standardization assessment, a functional strategic-intelligence illustration, controlled prototype benchmarking and a formative usability study. Across 5000 matched administrative rows, the unweighted mean rule-conformance exact-match rate increased descriptively from 62.1% to 96.7%. Because the deterministic reference applies the same documented dictionaries and conventions used to define normalized categories, this result measures conformance to predefined normalization rules rather than independent external validation of semantic correctness. Category-specific changes remained statistically detectable under every paired-transition allocation compatible with the retained margins, although the original row-level transition file was unavailable for exact McNemar reconstruction. Ten controlled runs indicated feasible scheduled refresh and dashboard response times, but the measurements are not production service-level or scalability evidence. Thirty institutional staff members produced a mean System Usability Scale score of 75.5 (95% confidence interval 70.9–80.1) in a purposive formative sample. The single-source, one-day strategic-intelligence log is treated only as a functional illustration, not as an information-retrieval performance test. The study contributes case-based design considerations for linking data quality, external scanning and institutional sensemaking, while making no claim that the prototype improved governance outcomes, predicted financial distress or changed decision behaviour.