A novel conformal dual-band circularly polarized implantable antenna with coupled radiating elements for capsule endoscopic application

A single-port capsule implan multi-element antenna is proposed with a compact dimension of 18 × 11 × 0.25 mm 3 for an endoscopy application. The conformal antenna is bent to a 3.25 mm radius, placed inside a capsule of dimensions 18.5 × 6.5 Ø × 0.2 mm 3 to monitor and diagnose the gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases. The designed antenna operates at two crucial bands of the ISM band (2.4 GHz) with an impedance bandwidth of 150 MHz and the WMTS band (1.4 GHz) with an impedance bandwidth of 100 MHz. Additionally, the antenna exhibits circular polarization with a simulated ARBW of 12.17% through the ground slot created in the ground surface with the antenna gain of −25.16 dBi and −27.89 dBi at 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz bands, respectively. Furthermore, the designed antenna is simulated in different GI tract parts, and the results are well matched with two resonance bands with a minor discrepancy of less than 5%. Furthermore, the SAR value is calculated according to IEEE safety guidelines.