From Corridor to Network: An AHP-TOPSIS-GIS Framework for Equitable Tramway Accessibility in the Intermediate City of Sétif, Algeria

The aim of this study is to analyse and prioritise tramway extension alternatives towards the new peripheral urban poles of Setif in relation to accessibility, territorial equity, and urban transport planning. Three alternatives—Setif-Abid Ali, Setif-Tiner, and Setif–Bouaouadja—were evaluated using an integrated multicriteria approach combining AHP, TOPSIS, and GIS-based spatial analysis, which is consistent with broader tramway planning issues in Setif and extension-route selection processes. The results show that demographic coverage is the most influential criterion, accounting for 50.61% of the total weighting. The final ranking identifies the Setif-Tiner route as the most suitable option, with a relative closeness score of 0.56, notably because it serves 44,184 inhabitants, compared with 28,350 for Abid Ali and 23,344 for Aïn Trick. This study highlights the value of combining expert weighting, multicriteria analysis, and spatial tools to support decision-making in tramway planning. It also demonstrates the relevance of such an approach for improving transport strategies in expanding peripheral urban areas.