Optimizing alginate-based delivery systems to enhance adipose-derived stem cell functionality in regenerative medicine: a comprehensive review

This review explores the potential of alginate-based delivery systems for adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine, with a focus on recent strategies that enhance ASC survival, functionality, and therapeutic efficacy. A structured literature analysis was performed across recent studies investigating the modifications of alginate-Based delivery systems for ASC encapsulation. The review highlights approaches such as scaffold engineering, incorporation of bioactive molecules, and hybrid biomaterial design, and evaluates their influence on ASC proliferation, differentiation, and in vivo performance. Advances in alginate-based encapsulation include optimized alginate–collagen blends, injectable biohybrid hydrogels, and nanocomposite scaffolds. These systems demonstrated superior cell retention, improved stemness maintenance, and enhanced angiogenic activity. Preclinical studies report significant improvements in tissue regeneration outcomes, including cartilage repair, osteogenesis, cutaneous wound healing, and myocardial recovery. Alginate-based platforms offer a versatile and biocompatible niche for ASC delivery, amplifying their therapeutic potential in diverse regenerative contexts. Nonetheless, standardized protocols, long-term safety assessments, and clinical translation remain critical challenges. Continued innovation in scaffold optimization and functionalization may accelerate the path from experimental models to effective clinical therapies.