Behavior of cross-laminated timber panels subjected to contact detonations

This paper presents the results of an experimental test programme on the performance of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels subjected to contact detonations stemming from live high explosive detonations. Quasi-static three-point bending tests were conducted to establish reference stiffness, resistance, and failure sequence for 3-ply, 5-ply, and 7-ply CLT panels. Dynamic contact live explosive tests were performed on full-scale CLT specimens. In addition to quantitative experimental measurements, detailed qualitative post-test observations were used to document contact-blast damage morphology, including cratering/breaching-type damage, spalling, delamination, and perpendicular-to-grain failures through and across the CLT specimens. Results indicate that while contact detonations produce severe localized material damage within the CLT specimens, the tested panels retained global structural integrity during the test and continue to transfer load to the supports through their subsequent post-peak flexural response. Preliminary empirical correlations for the prediction of damage of CLT panels under contact charges were established for the purpose of assessing potential contact blast threats.