POETICS AND ARTISTIC MASTERY. FORMS OF INTERLITERARY PROCESSES

This article examines the concepts of poetics, artistic mastery, and interliterary processes as important theoretical categories in comparative literary studies. The study highlights the role of poetics in identifying and evaluating the artistic elements that shape a literary work and reveal the writer’s creative mastery. The article discusses the historical development of poetics and its major types, including general, descriptive, normative, theoretical, and historical poetics. Particular attention is paid to the criteria of literariness, such as humanism, aesthetic impact, fidelity to reality, depth of reflection, artistic generalization, functional use of detail, plot and character construction, psychological depiction, and linguistic richness. The article also analyzes interliterary relations as an important factor in the spiritual and cultural development of nations. Drawing on the theoretical views of comparative literature scholars, the study distinguishes typological and genetic forms of literary interaction. Special emphasis is placed on N.I. Konrad’s classification of interliterary relations, including acquaintance with original literary works, translation, common thematic treatment, national adaptation, and the interaction of common narrative traditions. The study demonstrates that interliterary processes contribute to literary enrichment, creative exchange, and the development of national literary traditions.