A Unified Hydrostatic Space-Grid Continuum: Resolving the Hubble Tension, Early Galaxy Maturity, and the Cosmic Positron Cutoff through Universmodel v2.1

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Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22843128
Primary Topic
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Type
preprint
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preprint

A Unified Hydrostatic Space-Grid Continuum: Resolving the Hubble Tension, Early Galaxy Maturity, and the Cosmic Positron Cutoff through Universmodel v2.1

Ole Ronny Kvestad
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
preprint

A Unified Hydrostatic Space-Grid Continuum: Resolving the Hubble Tension, Early Galaxy Maturity, and the Cosmic Positron Cutoff through Universmodel v2.1

Ole Ronny Kvestad
preprint en

Abstract

Modern astrophysics remains divided by profound empirical anomalies—most notably the systemic Hubble tension, the presence of flat galactic rotation curves traditionally attributed to dark matter, and the sudden detection of structurally mature, "impossible" early galaxies by the . This paper presents the foundational framework of Universmodel v2.1 (The Mechanical Clockwork), a non-relativistic, non-quantum alternative that replaces abstract curved spacetime and non-local wave functions with a sterile, chiral, crystalline superfluid held under universal baseline pressure (P₀ = 8.73 × 10²⁹ N/m²). Under this framework, elementary matter is defined as a stable toroidal 3D knot acting as a localized coordinate fluid sink, where gravity is the passive fluid suction gradient ($\nabla \rho_f$) rushing inward toward the nodes. By mapping sub-picometer 1D conduits that interface directly with a timeless 4D substrate, we derive the exact mechanical solutions for several macro-cosmic mysteries: (1) William Tifft's quantized redshift steps are shown to be discrete 36.2 km/s geometric grid-impedance "clicks" during intergalactic channel swaps; (2) the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at a constant 2.725 K is derived as live acoustic room noise leaking from stellar core turbulence into the 4D substrate; and (3) the sudden exponential ~ 800 GeV positron cutoff measured by AMS-02 is mathematically validated as the exact saturation limit where a 1D topological spring violently relaxes when black hole valve pressures equalize. Finally, we propose a definitive, falsifiable laboratory test: because a free neutron's 4D valve responds dynamically to the solar suction gradient, its half-life will exhibit a predictable, unmasked annual sinusoidal variation of exactly 1.22 seconds between Perihelion and Aphelion, providing an explicit experimental boundary to differentiate this mechanical urverk from standard general relativity.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
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