Phase Direction after Unfolding and the Emergence of Discrete Charge Ratios
This study examines whether discrete electric-charge ratios can emerge from the directional configuration of phase components after Phase Unfolding. Starting from a closed phase structure, the analysis constructs directional configurations relative to a common progression without assigning particle charge values in advance. The resulting normalized ratios are −1, −2/3, −1/3, 0, +1/3, +2/3, and +1, which coincide numerically with the integer and fractional charge ratios observed in elementary particles. The study further examines how fractional directional states can form shared closures corresponding to proton-type and neutron-type charge compositions. A central distinction emerges between positional closure and directional neutrality: a composite structure can establish positional stability while retaining directional organization in its outer closed regions. This remaining directionality provides a possible geometric basis for relations between already stabilized composite structures. The resulting framework connects phase direction, discrete charge ratios, positional closure, composite formation, and remaining directional organization within a single phase-unfolding geometry.
Authors
- J. San Park
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-09-19
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22843809
- Primary Topic
- Electromagnetic Effects on Materials
- Type
- preprint