Bordetella bronchiseptica identification in patients undergoing bronchoscopy for respiratory symptoms

Abstract Background Bordetella ( B. ) bronchiseptica is a common pathogen of the upper respiratory tract of domestic pets, especially dogs. People can become infected by direct contact with animals. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of B. bronchiseptica in the lower respiratory tract, determine the potential animal-to-human transmission, associated symptoms, comorbidities and methods of treatment. Materials and methods Between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2024, 17,037 patients underwent 18,716 flexible video bronchoscopies (FVB), and the same number of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples for microbiological examination were taken. Results BALF microbiological examination revealed B. bronchiseptica isolation in four out-patients. All persons reported daily and long-term contact with dogs. A chronic or recurrent cough and exertional dyspnea were the predominant symptoms. Conclusions Lower respiratory tract isolation or infection by B. bronchiseptica in humans is extremely rare. Within our studied population, older age and frequent contact with pets were noted as potential factors associated with pathogen acquisition. Symptoms associated with B. bronchiseptica presence may be difficult to diagnose and may result from concomitant microorganisms, underlying disease and comorbidities.