Structural Force of Elements in the Vacuum — Unified model: Constant across all 118 elements

We present a systematic analysis of all 118 elements of the periodic table, evaluating the force each element exerts within the confined vacuum at a separation of 100 nm, using a unified model with universal constant k = 1.05 \\times 10^{-24}\\ \\mathrm{m}^3 \\cdot \\mathrm{J}^{-1}. Results reveal a clear repeating pattern across the table: halogens show stronger responses while noble gases show weaker, stable values — determined by electronic structure, not physical state. Force strength arises from protons, electronic arrangement, and cohesive energy. The same constant applies to every element. These results are not the end — they are the beginning. You are invited to repeat measurements, compare at other distances, materials, and scales, to verify and extend this model.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-09-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22848202
Primary Topic
High-pressure geophysics and materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Structural Force of Elements in the Vacuum — Unified model: Constant across all 118 elements

Cesar Rosas
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
High-pressure geophysics and materials
article

Structural Force of Elements in the Vacuum — Unified model: Constant across all 118 elements

Cesar Rosas
article en

Abstract

We present a systematic analysis of all 118 elements of the periodic table, evaluating the force each element exerts within the confined vacuum at a separation of 100 nm, using a unified model with universal constant k = 1.05 \times 10^{-24}\ \mathrm{m}^3 \cdot \mathrm{J}^{-1}. Results reveal a clear repeating pattern across the table: halogens show stronger responses while noble gases show weaker, stable values — determined by electronic structure, not physical state. Force strength arises from protons, electronic arrangement, and cohesive energy. The same constant applies to every element. These results are not the end — they are the beginning. You are invited to repeat measurements, compare at other distances, materials, and scales, to verify and extend this model.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
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High-pressure geophysics and materials
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