Physical Existence of the High‑Energy Singularity
This paper is the first installment in the series of studies for The Cosmic Large‑Cycle Repeating and Cyclic Evolution Model — An Expansion‑Contraction Cyclic Evolution Theory of the Universe Based on Bidirectional Mass‑Energy Conversion. Its research subject is the high‑energy mass‑energy condensate singularity formed after homogenization and de‑characterization at the end of spatial collapse in the second half of the previous cosmic cycle. Within the theoretical framework of the endless, reciprocally cyclic large‑scale cosmic evolution, this paper demonstrates the physical reality of the “high‑energy mass‑energy condensate” singularity. Distinct from the traditional singularity under the framework of general relativity — a mathematical point where spacetime curvature diverges and physical laws break down — the “mass‑energy condensate” singularity proposed in this paper is a physical entity integrating matter and energy with definite mass (expressed in mass‑energy rather than equivalent mass) and finite volume; it constitutes a special type of black hole. The singularity consists of pure energy, singularity thermal energy, and a small number of highly ordered fundamental elements. Within it, pure energy bears both material and energetic attributes, continuously converting into thermal energy and persistently raising the internal temperature of the condensate. When the temperature rises to the Planck critical temperature (the cosmic maximum temperature, i.e., the upper temperature limit of the universe), the universe enters the unfolding phase, and kinetic‑energy attributes are gradually restored.The unfolding speed slowly accelerates; upon reaching its maximum velocity, the event corresponds to the conventional Big Bang. This maximum velocity resides in a trans‑vacuum‑light regime far exceeding the standard vacuum speed of light, and this high velocity is sustained to drive cosmic expansion until the mass‑energy extreme state is attained. This paper sequentially describes the ontological material‑energy state, intrinsic space, geometric morphology, and thermal characteristics of the high‑energy mass‑energy condensate singularity. It defines Wang Shanzhang’s high‑energy mass‑energy condensate singularity. Drawing upon mass‑energy characteristic distributions within nucleons, quarks, fundamental elements, and static electrons, this paper puts forward Wang Shanzhang’s Mass‑Energy Density Theorem for the cosmic high‑energy singularity. Based on this theorem, quantitative calculations are performed for the singularity’s density, volume, and spherical radius, yielding the maximum possible radius of Wang Shanzhang’s mass‑energy‑condensate singularity, abbreviated as Wang Shanzhang’s Maximum Radius for the High‑Energy Mass‑Energy‑Condensate Singularity. This paper demonstrates that the mass-energy density of the fundamental constituents within nucleons is identical to the mass density of stationary-state electrons. This density is precisely the energy (mass) density of a high-energy singularity, and constitutes the physical limit to which matter and energy can be compressed by a singularity. Taking the total mass-energy of the observable universe Mtotal ≈ 1053 kg, we obtain a singularity volume V ≈ 4.608×1017 m³ and a radius rmax ≈ 47880 m = 478.8 km. The vast universe was once an entity with a radius of less than 500 kilometers—a special black hole. This paper establishes a systematic physical theory of singularities, and provides physical interpretations for the fundamental‑element protection mechanism, mass‑energy‑density balance mechanism, and the root causes behind the manifestations of energy differentiation.
Authors
- shanzhang Wang
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-09-19
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22844208
- Primary Topic
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Type
- preprint