Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Microneedle Patches for Anti-Wrinkle Effects and Skin Quality Improvement: A Prospective, Open-Label and Interventional Preliminary Study.

INTRODUCTION: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a widely utilized polysaccharide in dermatology due to its excellent biocompatibility and hydrating properties. Traditional delivery methods of HA include injections and topical applications; however, their effectiveness is limited due to skin permeability barriers. Microneedle technology offers a novel transdermal delivery system that enhances HA penetration while minimizing discomfort. This study investigates the application of dissolvable HA based multicomponent microneedle patches for anti-wrinkle treatment and overall skin improvement. METHODS: The study involved 40 participants, aged 22-43. The microneedle patches were composed of cross-linked HA, applied under the eye and on the arm, for three consecutive nights. Their morphology and dissolution, properties were assessed using scanning electron microscopy and dissolution testing in controlled humidity environments. Skin hydration was measured using a corneometer, elasticity with a reviscometer, and wrinkle depth with a 3D skin analysis system. Participants rated their perceived improvement using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. RESULTS: SEM analysis revealed uniform microneedle structures with an average length of 310 µm. The microneedle patches gradually dissolved within 240 minutes of application, with the first morphological changes visible after just 20 minutes. Corneometer measurements showed an increase in skin hydration by about 10%, accompanied by improved smoothing parameters (profilometry). Reviscometer measurements demonstrated an increase in resonance running time at the treated forearm (+11.7%), indicating changes in the mechanical properties of the skin. GAIS scores reflected high participant satisfaction, with 82% of subjects reporting visible skin improvement. Mild erythema was observed in 3% of participants, resolving within a few hours post-application. No severe adverse effects were reported. While these findings suggest that HA-based microneedle patches improve hydration andenhances skin smoothness, the accompanying ∼17% transient increase in TEWL necessitates a cautious interpretation of these short-term skin quality improvements. CONCLUSION: HA based multicomponent microneedle patches may be a promising, non-invasive method for improving skin appearance, however, the observed transient increase in TEWL indicates that the effects should be interpreted with caution and require confirmation in studies with longer follow-up. Their ability to enhance hydration, elasticity, and smoothing the skinwith minimal side effects highlights their potential for widespread dermatological and aesthetic use.