The development and application of the integrative framework of feasibility and process of change of mindfulness-based interventions

Abstract A substantial number of qualitative studies have been conducted on feasibility and process of change of Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs), but differences in terminology makes results of these studies difficult to compare. We conducted a targeted focused literature review to identify studies of the Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Mindfulness (k = 16) on feasibility and process of change and extracted (sub)themes. Thematic synthesis was used to develop an Integrative Framework on Feasibility and on Process of change (IFFP). To test and refine the framework in an independent population, the framework was used to analyse the qualitative data of the COVID-19 MindPreP trial. The feasibility framework has three main domains, “Training characteristics”, “Social context”, and “Personal factors”. The process of change framework has five themes, “Awareness”, “Insight”, “Recognising automatic patterns”, “Changing cognitive and behavioural patterns”, and “Effects of changed behaviour”. The IFFP demonstrated strong applicability the COVID-19 MindPreP data and all data could be mapped onto the framework. We believe that the IFFP of MBIs are a useful contribution to the existing literature and will help to find common language in future qualitative research into the feasibility and process of change of MBIs.