Gravitational Dissipative Structures and Effective Gravitational Entropy: A Holographic Dissolution Framework for Dark Matter and Dark Energy

Abstract We propose a unified framework based on gravitational dissipative structures and the holographic principle, completing the dissolution of dark matter and dark energy. The core claim is that dark matter and dark energy are not independent particles or fluids, but effective projections of gravitational degrees of freedom during coarse-graining. Through holographic duality, the gravitational entropy gradient generates an additional gravitational potential, and the holographic cutoff generates the dark energy scale. Dark matter dissolution: Using the Granda–Oliveros (Ricci) cutoff holographic dark matter model, an energy density scaling as naturally arises in a universe containing only baryons and radiation. Choosing – matches the observed DM-to-baryon ratio –. Through coarse-graining mapping and the Poisson equation, an effective gravitational potential correction is derived. A k-essence Lagrangian is constructed with typical , yielding during matter domination, consistent with cold dark matter clustering. Dark energy dissolution: The dark energy density is generalized to a three-layer structure of holographic and Early Dark Energy (EDE) components. The EDE peak fraction is dominated by Jeans-mass halos at , yielding – from halo mass function integration using the Press–Schechter form, consistent with observations. An interaction is introduced, flipping the sign of to be consistent with DESI DR2. Unified dissolution equation: Core values: –, , , (range –), (Planck + SH0ES), , , .