Entropy generation and its role on exergy destruction and efficient thermal management in renewable energy systems

The internal combustion engines lead to utilize the produced energy for useful work. The loss in the energy reduces the efficiency of the engine. The entropy generation causes exergy destruction. Therefore, the computational analysis is essential for understanding the behavior of entropy generation and its influence on exergy. In the analysis of exergy, the Levenberg–Marquardt nonlinear algorithm is used for training the artificial neural network. The ammonia is added to the combustion model to improve efficiency of internal combustion engine. The computational domain contains internal obstacles that create zones requiring a finite yield stress to initiate flow. Accordingly, the Casson model is integrated into the momentum equation to capture the non-Newtonian viscous effects characteristic of ammonia combustion under these conditions. The model contains the thermal energy analysis with the help of Fourier’s heat flux. The entropy generation is modeled to understand the turbulent behavior of cooling and heating along with momentum conservation. The analysis further includes addition of ammonia to control the entropy generation and improve exergy. Therefore, the proposed model focuses on the efficacy of internal combustion engine and their implications for sustainable energy applications. computational channel with internal obstacles. The simulation of the model is made in OpenFOAM (Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation). The finite volume method (FVM) is demonstrated for computing the solution of the model to accurately predict heat flow and wall shear stress. Additionally, it is revealed that Casson fluid significantly enhances exergy through yield stress mechanisms, which affect flow characteristics compared to Newtonian fluids. The analysis shows that proposed model achieves higher thermal absorption and improved exergy efficiency. These findings demonstrate the potential of yield-stress materials for improving energy-system efficiency through optimized flow and thermal transport.