Visualization analysis of artificial intelligence education research in primary and secondary schools based on CiteSpace knowledge map

With the explosive growth of artificial intelligence; the development of AI technology has also transformed various aspects of life. New industries under “Artificial Intelligence+” leadership—including smart healthcare; smart homes; and smart transportation—are flourishing. In addition; AI has also made an impact on the education sector. AI education in primary and secondary schools is an important initiative to cultivate innovative and interdisciplinary talent. Based on the CNKI and Web of Science database. Web of Science database; this study employs knowledge graph analysis and content analysis methods; using CiteSpace software widely used by researchers in scientometrics. It analyzes knowledge graphs visually on 2611 papers published between 2014 and 2024; focusing on the current status; hotspots; and frontiers of AI education in primary and secondary schools. The objective is to serve as a guide for tracking the advancement and forthcoming trends in AI education within elementary and high schools. The study found that the research interest in AI education has been steadily rising; with publishing countries concentrated in China; the United States; the United Kingdom; and others. The majority of publications come from universities; while the number of publications from primary and secondary schools and frontline teachers is somewhat lower. The research hotspots in this field focus on aspects such as “smart education”; “robotic education”; and “intelligent education”. In light of this; this study attempts to provide suggestions for future development from three dimensions.