AI Prediction of Future Antibiotics: Genome-Predicted Antimicrobial Peptides Are Stained with the Amino Acid Signature of Man-Made Synthetic Peptides

Abstract This letter compares the amino acid signatures of natural and artificial intelligence (AI)-predicted antimicrobial peptides. While natural peptides from different sources possess distinct signatures, the amino acid compositions of peptides predicted from venoms, amphibians, insects, and bacteria shared a common feature with higher leucine, lysine, and arginine similar to those of man-made synthetic peptides. This stunning finding underscores the need of the right data set for improving future AI prediction of genomic antimicrobial peptides.