Circumscription of three new taxa of Merismopedia ‐like Cyanobacteria shows how far convergent evolution can go

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Publication Details

Journal
Journal of Phycology
Published
2026-09-18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70238
Primary Topic
Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Circumscription of three new taxa of Merismopedia ‐like Cyanobacteria shows how far convergent evolution can go

Lenka Štenclová, Jan Kaštovský, Jan Pokorný
Journal of Phycology
Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
article

Circumscription of three new taxa of Merismopedia ‐like Cyanobacteria shows how far convergent evolution can go

Lenka Štenclová, Jan Kaštovský, Jan Pokorný
article en

Abstract

The genus Merismopedia (Merismopediaceae, Chroococcales), characterized by rectangular colonies with cells arranged in regular perpendicular rows and columns, represents a challenging study system due to its limited cultivability. The genus recently underwent taxonomic revision using cultivation-independent techniques and a polyphasic approach. Following the designation of an epitype, its type species, M. tranquilla was placed within a phylogenetic framework. Polyphyletic "Merismopedia" was split, and its species clustered within at least three distinct families. The case represents a clear example of convergent evolution, a phenomenon not uncommon among Cyanobacteria. The present study further explores the convergent evolution of Cyanobacteria with colonies exhibiting regularly perpendicular cell rows. Using predominantly a single-colony sequencing approach, partial 16S rRNA gene and ITS rRNA region sequence data were obtained for four additional Merismopedia morphotypes. Phylogenetic analyses supported the placement of two of these taxa within a recently described genus Eucapsopsis. Accordingly, two new species are proposed: Eucapsopsis complanata, distinguished by its loosely arranged cells, and Eucapsopsis sphagnicola, a new combination for Merismopedia sphagnicola, typically occurring in oligotrophic peat bogs. Furthermore, the description of a morphologically cryptic genus Cryptoplanktopedia is presented. A strain identified as "Merismopedia" cf. angularis NIVA-CYA 199, characterized by its L-shaped colonies, clustered as another distant lineage within Chroococcales although with ambiguous systematic placement. The results demonstrate that Merismopedia-like colony morphology is a widespread trait and has evolved convergently among Cyanobacteria.

Journal of Phycology
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice (CZ), Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CZ), Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre (CZ), Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, Grantová Agentura České Republiky
Life in Land
Openalex Percentile: Top 18%
Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
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