Knowledge and attitude among the mothers of children in age group 1–5 years regarding childhood hearing loss

AIMS: The present study aims to explore the knowledge and attitudes among the mothers of children aged 1-5 years regarding childhood hearing loss, its risk factors, effects, and acceptance. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among mothers of children aged 1-5 years using convenience sampling. Data collection at a tertiary care hospital was conducted using a structured questionnaire that covered demographic details, knowledge of childhood hearing loss, attitudes towards hearing loss, intervention, and sources of information. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise continuous variables, while discrete variables were summarised using frequencies and percentages. Associations between education levels and knowledge and attitude items were examined using Fisher's Exact test. RESULTS: A total of 215 mothers participated in the study. The mean age of the mothers was 29.35 ± 4.85 years, and the mean age of the youngest child was 3.2 ± 1.2 years. Most mothers were aware that hearing loss could be congenital or late-onset. However, substantial gaps were noted in understanding of the causes of hearing loss and management options. Awareness of medical management options was higher than that of the use of rehabilitative services (42.3%). Awareness of middle ear infections among mothers was moderate, with more than 60% being aware of such infections and believing they can be prevented. Acceptance towards hearing screening was high (86.5%); however, acceptance of amplification devices was low (27.4%). Although the attitudes towards childhood hearing loss were largely positive, the attitudes towards rehabilitation procedures and inclusivity were negative. Maternal educational level was significantly associated with attitudes toward hearing rehabilitation and educational inclusion (p < 0.05) but not with knowledge-related items. More than 80% of mothers expressed an interest in learning about the causes of hearing loss, treatment options, and where to seek help. Clinics or health workers were identified as the most preferred sources of information. CONCLUSION: Mothers demonstrated a moderate awareness of childhood hearing loss, with substantial gaps in causes and management options, and negative attitudes towards rehabilitation procedures and inclusivity. Focused parental education programs and community-based awareness initiatives would help reduce stigma and overcome misconceptions.